基于氢供应链优化的加氢站选址与用氢成本分析

Hydrogen station location and hydrogen consumption cost analysis based on hydrogen supply chain optimization

为了解决加氢站选址的问题,文章基于氢供应链构成,在结合氢能高速公路建设需求的基础上,以最小用氢成本为目标,通过综合考虑加氢站间距、氢源产能以及地理位置等约束条件,以加氢站的位置、氢气运输量以及不同运输方式下的氢气运输量为决策变量,构建了一种考虑氢供应链最优的加氢站选址数学模型。为了探究该模型的有效性,以青兰高速青岛-延安段为例,通过对比优化布站与等间距布站方式的用氢成本,发现提出的优化模型每日可为全线加氢站节约成本7767元。为了探究用氢成本的敏感性,文章对氢气销售量、氢源产能和加氢站间距进行了分析,分析结果显示:氢气销售量越大,用氢成本越低,这将有利于加氢站盈利;在氢源产能充足与不足的两种情景下,全线加氢站的用氢成本相差3.64元/kg;在氢源产能充足时,各加氢站的用氢成本分别比氢源产能不足时降低了0.98,9.55,5.77,1.29,0.86,6.33元/kg;随着加氢站间距的增大,全线加氢站的用氢成本逐渐降低。

To solve the problem of hydrogen refueling station location,the paper constructs a mathematical model of hydrogen station location considering the optimal hydrogen supply chain based on the hydrogen supply chain composition,with the objective of minimizing the cost of hydrogen use,by considering the constraints of hydrogen station spacing,hydrogen source capacity and geographic location,and taking the location of hydrogen station,the hydrogen transportation volume and the hydrogen transportation volume under different transportation modes as the decision variables.In order to investigate the validity of the model,by comparing the hydrogen cost of optimized station placement with the equally spaced station placement method on the Qingdao-Yan'an section of Qinglan Expressway,it is found that the proposed optimized model can save 7767￥/d for the hydrogen refueling stations of the whole line.In order to investigate the sensitivity of hydrogen cost,the article analyzed the hydrogen sales volume,hydrogen source capacity and hydrogen station spacing,and the results showed that:The higher the hydrogen sales volume,the lower the hydrogen cost,which will be beneficial to the profitability of hydrogen stations;under the two scenarios of sufficient and insufficient hydrogen source capacity,the difference of hydrogen cost of the full-line hydrogen refueling station is 3.64￥/kg;when the hydrogen source capacity is sufficient,the hydrogen cost of each hydrogen station is when the hydrogen source capacity is sufficient,the hydrogen cost of each hydrogen refueling station is 0.98,9.55,5.77,1.29,0.86,6.33￥/kg lower than that when the hydrogen source capacity is insufficient;with the increase of the spacing of hydrogen refueling stations,the hydrogen cost of the full-line hydrogen refueling station gradually decreases.