基于无人机平台的运动多站无源定位技术研究

Mobile multi-station passive localization technology based on UAV platform

近年来,无人机由于其灵活的移动性,已广泛运用于多个领域;直接定位作为无源定位中的一项新兴技术,在无线通信、雷达、声纳等领域具有重要价值.本文中结合两个研究方向,对基于无人机平台的运动多站无源定位问题展开研究.首先,利用多普勒频率与目标和接收站之间相对速度的非线性关系,将多普勒频率作为中间变量,直接将多个接收站的接收信号进行联合处理;然后,基于极大似然原理建立代价函数,通过确定目标函数的极值点以实现对目标位置的估计.仿真结果表明,本文中提出的定位方法避免了在估计过程中引入误差的同时,提高了系统的抗噪性能.

In recent years,unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)is widely used in many fields due to its flexible mobility.Similarly,as a new technology in passive location,direct position determination(DPD)has important value in fields such as wireless communication,radar and sonar.Combined with these two research directions,we studied the problem of mobile multi-station passive localization based on UAV platform.Firstly,based on the nonlinear relationship between Doppler frequency and relative velocity between target and receiving station,taking Doppler frequency as intermediate variable.Then directly took the signal received by multiple stations for joint processing.Secondly,the cost function was established based on the maximum likelihood principle,and the target location was estimated by determining the extreme point of the objective function.Simulation results show that the method avoids introducing errors in the estimation process and improves the anti-noise performance of the system.