以无形塑有形--临海建筑的气候环境响应性策略初探

Shape Through the Invisible:Research on Climate Environmental Responsiveness Strategy of Coastal Architecture

对气候环境的积极响应是建筑设计过程中人本主义的体现,也是对自然的尊重与保护。针对不同的气候条件,响应方式可归为抵御、顺应、引入、回馈四种类型。临海环境具有二重性,既拥有得天独厚的自然景观,又面临日晒、暴雨等极端气候。通过对沙丘美术馆和坡里住宅两个临海建筑的案例研究,以及对张泾河水闸建筑项目中,应对海边特殊气候的策略分析,探讨气候对于临海建筑在形体设计、材料选择、构造处理等各个环节的重要影响,以期对以气候环境响应为导向的建筑设计提供一些切实可行的思路参照。

The positive response to the climate environment is the reflection of humanism in the architectural design process,as well as the respect and protection of natural ecology.According to different climate conditions,the response modes are classified into four types:resistance,adaptation,introduction and feedback.The coastal environment has a dual nature.It has beautiful natural landscape and faces extreme weather such as strong sunshine,wind and rainstorm.Through the case study of two coastal architecture,Dune Art Museum and Poli House,as well as the strategic analysis of the Zhangjing River Sluice Architecture Project to cope with the special coastal climate,this paper discusses the important influence of climate on the shape design,material selection,structure treatment and other design links of coastal architecture,with a view to providing some practical ideas for the design of architecture oriented by climate environment responsiveness.