我国典型区域土壤中多环芳烃污染特征研究及风险评价

Study on Pollution Characteristics and Risk Assessment of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Soils of Typical Regions in China

为了解土壤中多环芳烃的污染状况,本研究分别采集了我国背景区域、农村区域和城市区域的表层土壤,用气相色谱-质谱联用仪测定16种PAHs,分析不同区域土壤中多环芳烃的含量、污染特征及生态风险。结果表明,背景区域中各PAHs单体检出较少或含量很低,几乎未受多环芳烃污染。城市区域由于受工业企业生产活动、交通运输、废水废气及固体废弃物排放等因素影响,土壤中PAHs含量较高,污染严重,7种致癌多环芳烃占比高,毒性当量浓度大,致癌风险高。农村区域土壤中多环芳烃为轻微污染,污染风险低。

In order to understand the pollution status of PAHs in soil,surface soil samples from background areas,rural areas,and urban areas in China were collected,and 16 PAHs were measured using GC-MS to analyze the content,pollution characteristics,and ecological risks of PAHs in soil from different regions.The results showed that the PAHs in the background area were found to be less or very low in content,and were almost not contaminated by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.Due to the impact of industrial enterprises'production activities,transportation,wastewater,exhaust gas,and solid waste emissions in urban areas,the content of PAHs in soil is high,resulting in serious pollution.The proportion of seven carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons is high,with a high toxic equivalent concentration,and a high risk of carcinogenesis.Soil polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in rural areas are slightly polluted,with a low pollution risk.