机床加工过程中误差成因及补偿方法分析

Cause analysis and compensation method of error in machining process of machine tool

机床在运行过程中受各种因素的影响,容易产生加工误差,影响工件质量。传统的机床加工误差补偿方法漏补率较高,误差补偿效果不佳。科学分析机床加工误差产生的原因,通过计算机床运行热源参数,基于均匀平滑补偿方法获取误差补偿的相关数据,对各个工序段进行分割处理,可实现误差补偿。试验证明,运用该方法进行机床误差补偿,可行性高,工件漏补率低,误差补偿耗时短。

Machine tools are affected by various factors during operation,which can easily produce machining errors and affect the quality of the workpiece.The traditional machine tool machining error compensation method has a high leakage rate and poor error compensation effect.This paper analyzes the causes of machining errors in machine tools.Based on the uniform smoothing compensation method,the heat source parameters of machine tools were calculated and the relative data of error compensation were obtained.Each working procedure is segmented to realize the error compensation.It is proved by experiments that the method is feasible for machine tool error compensation,with a low workpiece leakage rate and short time.