泵喷推进器水动力性能实验研究

Experimental study of hydrodynamic performances of pre-swirl pumpjet propeller

前置定子式泵喷推进器被广泛应用于世界各国的新一代安静型潜艇上,但其水动力性能实验研究目前还比较匮乏。在空泡水筒中,对一型九叶定子七叶转子的前置定子式泵喷推进器进行了实验测试。其中,使用测力装置对敞水状态下泵喷推进器的推力系数和扭矩系数等进行了测试,使用激光粒子测速系统对其尾流场进行了测试。实验结果表明,此型前置定子式泵喷推进器的转子推力系数、定子及导管推力系数、转子扭矩系数均随着进速系数J的增大而减小,但定子及导管的合扭矩系数的绝对值反而随着J的增大而增大。泵喷推进器的效率在J=1.0处达到最大,为61.91%。前置定子式泵喷推进器的推力主要由转子提供。此外,泵喷推进器的尾流场由喷流加速区、轮毂低速区、混合区组成,实验测试得到了不同工况下尾流场中的瞬态速度以及平均速度值。

A pre-swirl pumpjet propeller(PJP)is widely used in the new generation of quiet submarines all over the world,although the experimental study of its hydrodynamic performances is still rare.This paper carries out experimental tests of the pre-swirl PJP with a 9-blade stator and a 7-blade rotor in a cavitation water tunnel.The thrust coefficient and torque coefficient of the pre-swirl PJP in open water are tested with a force measurement device,and the wake flow field of the pre-swirl PJP is tested with a laser particle velocimetry system.The experimental results show that the rotor thrust coefficient,stator-duct thrust coefficient and rotor torque coefficient of the pre-swirl PJP decrease with increasing the advance coefficient J,but the absolute value of the torque coefficient of the stator-duct thrust increases with increasing J.The open water efficiency of the pre-swirl PJP reaches the maximum when J=1.0,being 61.91%.The thrust of the pre-swirl PJP is mainly provided by the rotor.In addition,the wake flow field of the pre-swirl PJP is composed of jet acceleration zone,hub low-speed zone and mixed zone.The transient velocity and average velocity in the wake flow field under different working conditions are obtained.