二氧化碳与空间电场互作对番茄产量及品质的影响

Effect of carbon dioxide and space electric field on tomato yield and quality

[目的]通过日光温室试验,研究二氧化碳与空间电场互作对番茄产量及品质的影响,为二氧化碳与空间电场互作在蔬菜中的生产应用提供依据。[方法]以番茄品种‘普罗旺斯’(以P表示)与‘精典1号’(以J表示)为试验材料,设置空间电场用D表示,无不加符号;CO_(2)浓度设置为400、600、800、1000μmol·mol^(-1),分别用4C、6C、8C、10C表示。测定了空间电场与不同浓度CO_(2)互作下番茄的单果重、单株果实重量、产量和可溶性糖、可溶性固形物、番茄红素、维生素C的含量指标。[结果]在有空间电场和高CO_(2)浓度的条件下,‘普罗旺斯’番茄品种的P8CD处理显著大于P4C处理,P8CD的单果重、单株果实重量、产量和可溶性糖、可溶性固形物、番茄红素、维生素C的含量分别为82.2 g、9.2 kg、290421.0 kg·hm^(-2)、3.15 mg·g^(-1)、5.61 mg·g^(-1)、1.65 mg·kg^(-1)、1.72 mg·kg^(-1),相比于P8C增加了3.4%、3.4%、2.8%、4.3%、7.9%、7.8%、4.9%。‘精典1号’番茄品种的J10CD处理显著大于J4C处理,J10CD的单果重、单株果实重量、产量和可溶性糖、可溶性固形物、番茄红素、维生素C的含量分别为83.4 g、9.2 kg、292008.0 kg·hm^(-2)、3.17 mg·g^(-1)、5.80 mg·g^(-1)、1.62 mg·kg^(-1)、1.75 mg·kg^(-1),相比于J10C增加了2.2%、4.9%、4.9%、0.6%、7.4%、2.5%、4.7%。[结论]高浓度CO_(2)加富与空间电场互作能显著增加番茄的单果重、单株果实重量和可溶性糖、可溶性固形物以及番茄红素的含量。番茄品种‘普罗旺斯’和‘精典1号’分别在有空间电场、800μmol·mol^(-1) CO_(2)浓度和有空间电场、1000μmol·mol^(-1) CO_(2)浓度条件下,综合效果达到最佳,且番茄品种‘普罗旺斯’比‘精典1号’对空间电场与不同浓度CO_(2)的响应更敏感,为空间电场与CO_(2)同补施用技术提供一定的理论依据。

[Objective]The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of the interaction between carbon dioxide and space electric field on tomato yield and quality through a greenhouse experiment,and to provide a basis for the application of CO_(2) and space electric field interaction in vegetable production.[Methods]In this experiment,two tomato varieties,'Provence'(denoted as P)and'Jingdian No.1'(denoted as J),were used as test materials.The space electric field was denoted as D,and no sym-bols was used for the control group.CO_(2) concentration was set at 4-00μmol·mol^(-1),600μmol·mol^(-1),800μmol·mol^(-1),and 1000μmol·mol^(-1),represented as 4C,6C,8C and 10C,respectively.Parameters such as individual fruit weight,fruit weight per plant,yield,and the content of soluble sugars,soluble solids,lycopene,and vitamin C in tomatoes were measured under the interaction of space electric field and different CO_(2) concentrations.[Results]The results showed that under conditions of both space electric field and high CO_(2) concentration,P8CD treatment of'Provence'tomato variety significantly outperformed P4C treatment.The P8CD treatment exhibited individual fruit weight,fruit weight per plant,yield,and the content of soluble sugars,soluble solids,lycopene,and vitamin C at 82.2 g,9.2 kg,290,421.0 kg·hm^(-2),3.15 mg·g^(-1),5.61 mg·g^(-1),1.65 mg·kg^(-1),and 1.72 mg·kg^(-1),respectively,representing an increase of 3.4%,3.4%,2.8%,4.3%,7.9%,7.8%,and 4.9%compared to P8C.Similarly,the J10CD treatment of the'Jingdian No.1'tomato variety significantly outperformed the J4C treatment.The J10CD treatment exhibited single fruit weight,fruit weight per plant,yield,and the content of soluble sugars,soluble solids,lycopene,and vitamin C at 83.4 g,9.2 kg,292008.0 kg·hm^(-2),3.17 mg·g^(-1),5.8 mg·g^(-1),1.62 mg·kg^(-1),and 1.75 mg·kg^(-1),respectively,representing an increase of 2.2%,4.9%,4.9%,0.6%,7.4%,2.5%,and 4.7%compared to J10C.[Conclusion]In conclusion,the interaction between high CO_(2) concentration and spatial electric field significantly in-creased the weight of single fruit,fruit weight per plant,the content of soluble sugars,soluble solids,and lycopene in tomato.The tomato varieties'Provence'and'Jingdian No.1'demonstrated optimal overall performance under the conditions of spatial electric field with 800μmol·mol^(-1) CO_(2) concentration and spatial electric field with 1000μmol·mol^(-1) CO_(2) concentration,respec-tively.Furthermore,the tomato variety'Provence'exhibited higher sensitivity to the interaction of spatial electric field and dif-ferent CO_(2) concentrations compared to the'Jingdian No.1'variety,providing a theoretical basis for the co-supplementation tech-nology of space electric field and CO_(2).