释来复《澹游集》展示的元末士人闲乐真趣

Laifu’s“Danyou Poetry”Show Scholar’s True Interest and Delight in the Late Yuan Dynasty

诗僧释来复于元末时所编的《澹游集》,是一部独特的总集,收录的是编者住持四明定水寺时交游唱和之作。其独特性有以下数端:其一,它是诗僧所编,所收作品的作者则世俗僧道、华夷南北、高官隐士,无所不有,身份地位各别,而交游总归之为“澹”——绝去世俗势利,纯为自然清赏。其二,成书之时地与呈现的心态特别。元末东南,四围烽火,四明是一方清净之地。一些远离尘俗者来此躲避战火。四壁烽火中的暂时安定,使他们悟出了生命的价值,珍惜生命,成了包括僧人在内的共同心理追求。其三,对于如何体现生命的价值有独特体认——追求闲乐真趣。寻求心灵的安逸,在忘世与忘我的境界中,体悟人生真谛。诗僧释来复编成的这部作品,展示了独特的人生追求与趣味,值得深入研究。

“Danyou Poetry”is a special poetry anthology in the late Yuan Dynasty,edited by Shi Laifu.It consists the antiphon poems between Laifu and his friends when Laifu was an abbot at Dingshui temple in Siming,Zhejiang province.The collection has three features.Firstly,it is edited by a bonze and the poems are authored by diverse persons,including officials,Buddhist monks,hermits and some colorful poets.Their relationship must be close but pure.As an old saying goes,“Friendship between gentlemen is like water”.Secondly,the times and region of the compilation and men’s mentality is worth exploring in depth.Different from other places,Siming is peaceful.Therefore many people came there to avoid the war.Exploration and appreciation of life become the common psychological pursuit of people.Finally,How to realize the value of life?They have a unique understanding that is to pursue true joy and interest and the meaning of life.This valuable book shows men’s unique pursuit and interest of life and deserves further discussion.