1940年代后期京派“新写作”与李健吾的文学批评观

“New Writing”of Beijing School in Late 1940s and LI Jian-wu’s Literary Criticism

1940年代后期京派文学面对日益紧迫的政治形势,在如何处理文学与政治关系的问题上,“新生代”表现出与30年代京派作家沈从文等人不尽相同的心态。在他们看来,文学天然包含现代政治的某种属性,在文学中谈论政治并不必然就侵犯文学的独立性。他们致力于在文学的内部讨论政治,将政治处理成一个文学问题及文化问题。远在上海的京派同人李健吾同样强调艺术表现上的重要性,但却不囿于“艺术而艺术”。他重视文学对现实的直接作用,试图在时代意义中寻找“力”的美。

Facing the increasingly urgent political situation in the late 1940s,the“new generation”showed a different mentality from Shen Congwen,a Beijing-style writer in the 1930s,on how to deal with the relationship between literature and politics.In their view,literature naturally contains a certain attribute of modern politics.Talking about politics in literature does not necessarily violate the independence of literature.They are committed to discussing politics within literature and treating politics as a literary and cultural issue.Li Jianwu,a fellow of Beijing School in Shanghai,also stressed the importance of artistic expression,but was not limited to“art is art”.He attached importance to the direct effect of literature on reality and tried to find the beauty of“force”in the sense of the times.