论裴启《语林》的语言艺术

On the Language Art of Pei Qi's“Yu Lin”

魏晋时代既是一个思想自由、个性解放的时代,又是一个文化交融、语言创新的时代。裴启《语林》一书语言特点有三。首先是雅俗并重。裴启《语林》不仅多清词丽句、注重用典、具有玄奥性,而且多简洁活泼的口语。其次,裴启《语林》语言富于机智性和幽默感,文中多机巧性隽语和谐谑性隽语。再次,裴启《语林》语言之白描和修辞均有特色。就白描方面而言,裴启《语林》叙述语言简练含蓄,概括力强;准确生动,富有表现力。就修辞方面而言,裴启《语林》的修辞形式多样,技巧娴熟,达到了很高的水平,具体表现为比喻、对比和夸张。

The Wei and Jin Dynasties were not only an era of thought freedom and personality liberation,but also an era of cultural integration and language innovation.There were three linguistic features in Pei Qi's“Yu Lin”.The first was to place equal emphasis on elegance and vulgarity.In Pei Qi's works,there were not only beautiful words and phrases,numerous allusions,and profound meanings,but also concise and lively oral English.Secondly,his language was full of wit and humor,and there were many ingenious and humorous epigrams in the text.Thirdly,his language had unique features in both description and rhetoric.Concerning the description,the narrative language in“Yu Lin”was concise and implicit,strong summary,ccurate,vivid and expressive.Concerning the rhetoric style,there was a variety of rhetorical forms and skills Pei Qi's“Yu Lin”,reaching a very high level and with specifically manifested as metaphor,contrast and exaggeration.