西妥昔单抗联合放疗对食管癌患者血清肿瘤标志物及新生血管指标水平的影响

Effect of Cetuximab Combined with Radiotherapy on Serum Tumor Markers and Neovascularization Indicators in Patients with Esophageal Cancer

目的:探究西妥昔单抗联合放疗对食管癌患者血清肿瘤标志物及新生血管指标水平的影响。方法:研究对象为2021年1月—2022年12月于厦门大学附属第一医院就诊的76例食管癌患者,将其按照治疗方案不同分为A组(n=38,单纯放疗)、B组(n=38,西妥昔单抗联合放疗),对比两组肿瘤标志物水平、新生血管水平及治疗总有效率。结果:治疗前,两组肿瘤标志物水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗后,两组肿瘤标志物水平较治疗前均下降,且相较于A组,B组糖类抗原19-9(CA19-9)、癌胚抗原(CEA)、糖类抗原125(CA125)、鳞状细胞癌抗原(SCCAg)水平更低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗前,两组新生血管指标对比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗后,两组血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)、碱性成纤维细胞生长因子(bFGF)水平较治疗前降低,且B组新生血管指标明显低于A组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。B组治疗总有效率(81.58%)显著优于A组(60.53%),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.094,P<0.05)。结论:食管癌患者予以西妥昔单抗联合放疗治疗,可以降低血清肿瘤标志物水平,抑制肿瘤新生血管的形成,促进病情康复。

Objective:To explore the effect of Cetuximab combined with radiotherapy on serum tumor markers and neovascularization indicators in patients with esophageal cancer.Method:Seventy-six patients with esophageal cancer who admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University from January 2021 to December 2022 were selected as the study objects,and they were divided into group A(n=38,simple radiotherapy)and group B(n=38,Cetuximab combined with radiotherapy)according to different treatment regiments.The levels of tumor markers,neovascularization and total response rate were compared between two groups.Result:Before treatment,there were no significant differences in tumor markers between two group(P>0.05);after treatment,the levels of tumor markers in two groups were decreased than those before treatment,and compared with group A,the levels of carbohydrate antigen 19-9(CA19-9),carcinoembryonic antigen(CEA),carbohydrate antigen 125(CA125)and squamous cell carcinoma antigen(SCCAg)in group B were lower,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Before treatment,there were no significant differences in neovascularization indexes between two groups(P>0.05);after treatment,the levels of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)and basic fibroblast growth factor(bFGF)in two groups were decreased than those before treatment,and the neovascularization indexes in group B were significantly lower than those in group A,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The total effective rate of group B(81.58%)was significantly better than that of group A(60.53%),and the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=4.094,P<0.05).Conclusion:Cetuximab combined with radiotherapy for patients with esophageal cancer can reduce the level of serum tumor markers,inhibit the formation of tumor neovascularization and promote the recovery.