分析早期气管切开术对颅脑外伤与脑出血患者神经功能的影响

Analysis of the Effect of Early Tracheotomy on Neurological Function in Patients with Craniocerebral Trauma and Cerebral Hemorrhage

目的探讨对颅脑外伤、脑出血患者采用早期气管切开术治疗的效果,分析对其神经功能的影响。方法随机选取2020年1月—2022年12月在南京市高淳人民医院治疗的60例颅脑外伤、脑出血患者为研究对象,根据治疗时机不同分为对照组和治疗组,每组30例。两组患者均接受气管切开术治疗,对照组为发病24 h后治疗、治疗组为发病24 h之内治疗。比较两组治疗效果、临床指标、神经功能变化情况、血清神经功能指标,统计比较两组并发症发生率。结果治疗组治疗总有效率为93.33%(28/30),高于对照组的73.33%(22/30),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.320,P<0.05)。治疗后,治疗组临床指标、神经功能症状缺损评分优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,治疗组各项血清神经功能指标优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗组并发症发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论颅脑外伤和脑出血患者对治疗要求较高,早期给予气管切开术符合其需求,能够提升疗效并促进神经功能的恢复,并发症发生风险较低,安全可靠。

Objective To explore the effect of treatment with early tracheotomy on patients with craniocerebral trauma and cerebral hemorrhage and to analyze the effect on their neurological function.Methods Sixty patients with traumatic brain injury and cerebral hemorrhage who were treated at Gaochun People′s Hospital in Nanjing from January 2020 to December 2022 were randomly selected as the research subjects.They were divided into a control group and a treatment group based on different treatment timing,with 30 patients in each group.Both groups of patients received Tracheotomy treatment.The control group was treated 24 hours after onset,and the treatment group was treated within 24 hours after onset.Compared the treatment efficacy,clinical indicators,changes in neurological function,and serum neurological function indicators between the two groups,and statistically compared the incidence of complications between the two groups.Results The total effective rate of the treatment group was 93.33%(28/30),higher than the control group′s 73.33%(22/30),and the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=4.320,P<0.05).After treatment,the clinical indicators and neurological deficit scores of the treatment group were better than those of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).After treatment,the various serum neurological function indicators in the treatment group were better than those in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The incidence of complications in the treatment group was lower than that in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion Patients with craniocerebral trauma and cerebral hemorrhage have high requirements for treatment,and early tracheotomy meets their needs,can improve the efficacy and promote the recovery of neurological function,and the risk of complications is low,safe and reliable.