渐进性肌肉放松训练对血透患者动静脉内瘘穿刺疼痛的影响

Effect of Progressive Muscle Relaxation Training on Arteriovenous Fistula Puncture Pain in Hemodialysis Patients

目的分析渐进性肌肉放松训练在血液透析(以下简称“血透”)中的作用。方法回归性研究2021年1月—2022年12月于江苏省句容市人民医院血液净化中心收治的40例血透患者的临床资料,按照护理方法分组。对照组(n=20)采用常规护理和健康教育,观察组(n=20)联合渐进性肌肉放松训练,对比两组干预前后穿刺疼痛、焦虑情绪、舒适度、疲乏程度和睡眠质量。结果干预前两组评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预后观察组的疼痛评分为(1.54±0.21)分,焦虑评分为(44.21±2.12)分,疲乏程度为(35.28±6.12)分,睡眠干扰评分为(2.12±0.32)分,低于对照组,观察组的舒适度评分和睡眠状态评分分别为(97.40±7.82)分和(118.12±6.48)分,高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(t=18.461、7.502、5.064、12.714、4.016、9.972,P<0.05)。结论予以血透患者渐进性肌肉放松训练,可缓解动静脉内瘘穿刺疼痛,减轻焦虑情绪与疲乏感,提高舒适度,对睡眠质量有改善作用。

Objective To analyze the effect of progressive muscle relaxation training in hemodialysis(hereinafter referred to as"hemodialysis").Methods Retrospective study on clinical data of 40 hemodialysis patients admitted to the Blood Purification Center of Jurong People′s Hospital in Jiangsu Province from January 2021 to December 2022,grouped according to nursing methods.The control group(n=20)received routine nursing and health education,and the observation group(n=20)received progressive muscle relaxation training.The puncture pain,anxiety,comfort,fatigue and sleep quality were compared between the two groups before and after the intervention.Results There were no statistically significant difference in the scores before the intervention between the two groups(P>0.05).After the intervention,the pain score of the observation group was(1.54±0.21)points,the anxiety score was(44.21±2.12)points,the fatigue score was(35.28±6.12)points,and the sleep disturbance score was(2.12±0.32)points,which were lower than those of the control group;the comfort score and sleep state score of the observation group were(97.40±7.82)points and(118.12±6.48)points respectively,which were higher than those of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(t=18.461,7.502,5.064,12.714,4.016,9.972,P<0.05).Conclusion Progressive muscle relaxation training for hemodialysis patients can relieve the pain of arteriovenous fistula puncture,relieve anxiety and fatigue,improve comfort and improve sleep quality.