阿片类物质成瘾者复发影响因素分析

Analysis of Influencing Factors of Relapse in Opioid Addicts

目的:了解云南省昆明市阿片类物质成瘾者的复发情况,分析相关影响因素。方法:选取2021年1月—2021年12月云南省昆明市美沙酮门诊的258例阿片类物质成瘾者作为研究对象,根据复发情况分为复发组和未复发组,采用单因素及多因素Logistic回归模型分析阿片类物质成瘾者复发的影响因素。结果:研究对象中复发181例,复发率为70.2%;单因素分析显示,复发组与未复发组性别、累计使用时间、躯体戒断症状、渴求感、压力、家庭关系、同伴、就业情况、ASSIST评分比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);多因素Logistic回归模型分析显示,躯体戒断症状、渴求感、压力、家庭关系较差、受同伴影响、就业困难和ASSIST评分中需要强化干预是导致复发的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论:阿片类物质成瘾者复发率高,复发受个人、家庭和社会多种因素的影响。建议培养规律的作息,加强运动,开展个人及家庭心理干预和治疗、拒毒能力训练、职业技能培训等,良好的干预方法有助于降低复发。

Objective:To understand the recurrence of opioid addicts in Kunming,Yunnan Province,and analyze the related influencing factors.Methods:A total of 258 opioid addicts from methadone clinics in Kunming,Yunnan Province from January 2021 to December 2021 were selected as the research objects.According to the recurrence,they were divided into recurrence group and non-recurrence group.Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were used to analyze the influencing factors of recurrence of opioid addicts.Results:There were 181 cases of recurrence in the study subjects,and the recurrence rate was 70.2%.Univariate analysis showed that there were significant differences in gender,cumulative use time,physical withdrawal symptoms,craving,stress,family relationship,peer,employment status and ASSIST score between the recurrence group and the non-recurrence group(P<0.05).Multivariate Logistic regression model analysis showed that physical withdrawal symptoms,craving,stress,poor family relationship,peer influence,employment difficulties and the need for intensive intervention in ASSIST score were risk factors for recurrence(P<0.05).Conclusion:The recurrence rate of opioid addicts is high,and the recurrence is affected by many factors of individual,family and society.It is suggested to train regular schedule,strengthen exercise,carry out personal and family psychological intervention and treatment,drug resistance training,vocational skills training,good intervention methods to help reduce recurrence.