知信行护理干预联合抗阻力训练在老年冠心病患者中的应用

Application of Knowledge-Attitude-Behavior Nursing Intervention Combined with Resistance Training in Elderly Patients with Coronary Heart Disease

目的:探讨老年冠心病患者采用知信行护理联合抗阻力训练干预的效果.方法:选取2019年1月至2021年1月河南省人民医院老年医学科收治的116例老年冠心病患者作为研究对象.采用随机数字表法将其分为观察组(n=58)和对照组(n=58).观察组采用知信行护理联合抗阻力训练,对照组采用常规护理联合抗阻力训练,干预2个月时.分别于干预前、干预2个月时,比较两组运动耐量[6min步行实验(6MWT)]、自我管理能力水平(汉化自我管理能力量表)、焦虑及抑郁程度[汉密尔顿焦虑、抑郁量表(HAMA、HAMD)].结果:干预2个月,两组6MWT、自我管理能力水平较干预前升高,HAMA、HAMD评分较干预前下降,且观察组6MWT、自我管理能力水平高于对照组,HAMA、HAMD评分低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论:知信行护理与抗阻力训练联合干预老年冠心病患者可减轻患者负性情绪,增强运动耐量,提升自我行为管理能力.

Objective:To explore the effect of knowledge-attitude-behavior nursing combined with resistance training on elderly patients with coronary heart disease.Methods:The study subjects were 116 elderly patients with coronary heart disease admitted to Department of Geriatrics of Henan Provincial People's Hospital from January 2019 to January 2021.They were randomly divided into an observation group(n=58)and a control group(n=58).The observation group received knowledge-attitude-behavior nursing combined with resistance training,while the control group received routine nursing combined with resistance training.The intervention lasted for 2 months.Before and 2 months after the intervention,the exercise tolerance[6-minute walking test(6MWT)],self management ability level(Chinese version of self management ability scale),anxiety and depression levels[Hamilton anxiety and depression scale(HAMA,HAMD)]were compared between the two groups.Results:After 2 months of intervention,the levels of 6MWT and self management ability in the two groups increased compared to those before intervention,while the scores of HAMA and HAMD in the observation group decreased compared to those before intervention.The levels of 6MWT and self management ability in the observation group were higher than those in the control group,while the scores of HAMA and HAMD in the observation group were lower than those in the control group,with a statistical significant difference(P<0.05).Conclusion:The combined intervention of knowledge-attitude-practice nursing and resistance training in elderly coronary heart disease patients can reduce negative emotions,enhance exercise tolerance and improve self-behavior management ability.