精神障碍患儿情绪行为的潜在类别与父母教养能力感、父母心理困扰的关系

Relationship of latent classes of emotional behavior of children with mental disorders with sense of parenting competence and psychological distress of parents

目的探讨精神障碍患儿情绪行为的潜在类别,并分析其与父母教养能力感、父母心理困扰的关系。方法2022年9—12月采用一般资料问卷、教养能力感量表、凯斯勒心理困扰量表和长处与困难问卷(父母版)对327名精神障碍患儿父母进行调查。采用Mplus 8.0和SPSS 25.0进行统计分析,采用潜在类别分析建立亚组,并通过无序多分类Logistic回归探索潜在类别的人群特征差异。结果潜在类别分析结果显示,精神障碍患儿的情绪行为分为3个类别:情绪-品行问题突出组[38.53%(126/327)]、单纯情绪问题组[44.65%(146/327)]、情绪-同伴交往显著组[16.82%(55/327)]。3个潜在类别在父母教养能力感、满意度及其心理困扰得分上差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。相对于情绪-品行问题突出组,父母教养知识和教养能力感越高,精神障碍患儿情绪行为倾向于单纯情绪问题组(B=0.699,OR=2.011,95%CI=1.046~3.868;B=0.088,OR=1.092,95%CI=1.017~1.173);相对于"情绪-品行问题突出组",13~18岁精神障碍患儿情绪行为倾向于"情绪-同伴交往显著组"(B=1.982,OR=7.255,95%CI=1.637~32.141)。结论精神障碍患儿情绪行为存在异质性,各类别的精神障碍患儿父母教养能力感、父母心理困扰存在差异。

Objective To explore the latent classes of emotional behavior of children with mental disorders,and their relationship with parents'sense of parenting competence and psychological distress.Methods A survey of 327 parents of children with mental disorders was conducted from September to December 2022 using the general information questionnaire,the sense of parenting competence scale,the Kessler psychological distress scale,and the strengths and difficulties questionnaire(parent version).Mplus 8.0 and SPSS 25.0 softwares were used for statistical analysis.The latent class analysis was used to identify subgroups of children with mental disorders based on their emotional behavior.Multinomial logistic regression was used to analyze the related factors.Results Latent class analysis showed that the emotional behaviors of children with mental disorders were divided into 3 categories:emotion-conduct problem prominent group(38.53%(126/327)),simple emotional problem group(44.65%(146/327)),and emotion-peer interaction significant group(16.82%(55/327)).The differences among the 3 latent classes were statistically significant(all P<0.05)in terms of parents'parenting competence,satisfaction,and psychological distress scores.Compared with the emotion-conduct problem prominent group,the higher the parental parenting knowledge and parenting competence,the emotional behavior of children with mental disorders tended to be in the simple emotional problem group(B=0.699,OR=2.011,95%CI=1.046-3.868;B=0.088,OR=1.092,95%CI=1.017-1.173).Compared with the"emotion-conduct problem prominent group",the emotional behavior of children with mental disorders aged 13 to 18 years old tended to be in the"emotion-peer interaction significant group"(B=1.982,OR=7.255,95%CI=1.637-32.141).Conclusion The emotional behavior of children with mental disorders is heterogeneous,and there are differences in sense of parenting competence and psychological distress of parents among different latent classes of children with mental disorders.