γ振荡与围手术期神经认知障碍的研究进展

Research progress of Gamma oscillations and perioperative neurocognitive disorders

γ振荡是30~90 Hz的大脑神经群节律性电活动,与认知、觉醒和意识活动相关。围手术期神经认知障碍(perioperative neurocognitive disorders,PND)是围手术期常见并发症,主要表现为注意力、记忆力和语言思维能力下降。手术/麻醉可通过一系列病理改变破坏γ振荡,导致PND发生。文章通过综述γ振荡的产生机制,γ振荡在神经炎症、睡眠障碍、Aβ沉积和Tau蛋白过度磷酸化等PND发生、发展机制中所扮演的角色,以及γ夹带临床应用现状,旨在探索γ振荡在PND术前预测、术中干预以及术后诊断治疗的前景,以改善手术/麻醉患者预后。

Gamma oscillations are the rhythmic electrical activity of brain nerve groups at 30‒90 Hz,and associated with cognition,arousal and consciousness activities.Perioperative neurocognitive disorders(PND)are common perioperative complications,characterized by decreases in attention,memory,and verbal thinking capacities.Surgery/anesthesia can disrupt Gamma oscillations through a series of pathological changes that lead to the development of PND.The present review summarizes the mechanisms by which Gamma oscillations generate,the role of Gamma oscillations in the pathogenesis of PND such as neuroinflammation,sleep disorders,Aβdeposition and Tau protein hyperphosphorylation,and the current clinical applications of Gamma entrainment,in order to explore the prospects of Gamma oscillation in preoperative prediction,intraoperative intervention and postoperative diagnosis and treatment of PND,and improve the prognosis of patients undergoing surgery/anesthesia.