医用镁合金植入材料的发展策略及演进趋势

Development strategy and trend of medical magnesium alloy implant materials

镁合金凭借其优异的生物安全性、生物诱导性、生物相容性及可贵的自降解性能,在骨植入及心血管支架领域具有广泛的临床应用前景。本文从合金化、制备方法、热处理及表面改性这四方面系统综述了近年来医用镁合金的研究进展,重点分析了各种工艺及表面改性方法的基本原理、技术优劣势,总结了它们对镁合金组织、性能的影响。针对镁合金临床应用的瓶颈,提出医用镁合金植入材料的最佳发展策略:一方面,通过合金化、制备方法及热处理三种工艺的协同耦合实现与自然骨组织力学行为的有效匹配;另一方面,通过表面改性处理实现对镁合金降解速率的精准调控。通过两种或多种表面改性技术的组合与交互来实现多功能性需求将成为未来镁合金表面改性技术的主要演进趋势。

Magnesium alloys features excellent biological safety,biological induction,biocompatibility and valuable self-degradability,which leads to its broad clinical application prospects in the field of bone implantation and cardiovascular stents.In this paper,the research progress of medical magnesium alloy in recent years was systematically reviewed in four aspects:alloying,preparation methods,heat treatment and surface modification.The basic principles,technical advantages and disadvantages of various processes and surface modification methods were mainly analysed,and their effects on the microstructure and properties of magnesium alloys were summarized.In order to break the limitations of clinical application of magnesium alloy,the best development strategy of medical magnesium alloy implant materials was proposed:on the one hand,effectively match with the mechanical behaviour of natural bone tissue through the synergistic coupling of alloying,preparation and heat treatment;on the other hand,precisely regulate the degradation rate of magnesium alloy through the modification of the surface.It has become the main development trend for the surface modification technology of magnesium alloy in the future that two or more surface modification techniques are combined and interacted to achieve multi-function requirements.