农业景观美学价值的内涵及在“美丽乡村”建设中的提升策略

The Aesthetic Value Connotation of Agricultural Landscape and its Promotion Strategy in the'Beautiful Countryside'Construction

由于城市景观的渗透和模板化的乡村案例的重复,美丽乡村建设正面临严峻的“特色丧失危机”。农业景观作为乡村景观的基底,一定程度上决定了乡村的景观风貌,也是乡村的重要特色,在美丽乡村的建设过程中,其美学价值发挥着重要的作用。文章结合时代背景,首先,探寻农业景观与美丽乡村建设的关系,认为农业景观是美丽乡村建设的底色,并进行三种解读,即田园是“美丽”的印象基底、农耕文明是特色传承的驱动性底蕴、农业生产性景观是乡村经济的实体基础;其次,采用客观与主观相结合的形式,构建农业景观的美学评价体系,以空间视角的景观生态呈现、水平视角的审美距离表现作为准则层进行评价;最后,从政策引导、规划设计两个层面,结合美丽乡村建设的实际情况,提出促进农业景观美学提升的途径。

Due to the penetration of urban landscape and the repetition of templated rural cases,the construction of beautiful countryside is facing a severe characteristics loss crisis.As the basis of rural landscape,agricultural landscape determines the countryside's landscape style to a certain extent,and is also an important feature in the countryside.In the process of beautiful countryside construction,the aesthetic value plays an important role.Combined with the era background,this paper explores the relationship between agricultural landscape and the beautiful countryside construction.It is believed that agricultural landscape is the background color of beautiful countryside construction,and it makes three interpretations,that is,the pastoral is the impression base of'beauty',the farming civilization is the driving background of characteristic inheritance,and agricultural productive landscape is the real foundation of rural economy.Then,the aesthetic evaluation system of agricultural landscape is constructed by combining objective and subjective forms,and the evaluation is performed on the basis of the ecological presentation of landscape from a spatial perspective and the performance of aesthetic distance from a horizontal perspective.Finally,from the two levels of policy guidance and planning and design,combined with the actual situation of beautiful rural construction,it proposes ways to promote the improvement of agricultural landscape aesthetics.