黑腹绒鼠种群形态及生态特征初步分析

Preliminary Analysis of Population Morphology and Ecological Characteristics of Eothenomys melanogaster

为丰富黑腹绒鼠种群形态及生态学资料,对贵州省关岭自治县2018—2022年稻田区和旱地耕作区鼠情监测采集的105只黑腹绒鼠数据进行分析,结果表明:黑腹绒鼠平均体重为(32.24±4.87)g,两性之间体重、体长、尾长、后足长、耳高差异性均不显著,胴体重差异极显著。监测期间,黑腹绒鼠占总鼠数的25.06%,平均捕获率为0.51%,主要分布于旱地耕作区。年度间种群数量不稳定,全年均有活动,每年3月、7月和11月出现3个数量高峰,捕获率分别达0.75%、0.76%和1.07%。种群性比为1.28,平均怀孕率为55.93%,3~10月怀孕率在50%以上,全年在4~5月和9~10月现2个繁殖高峰期,平均怀孕率达75.00%~100%,平均胎仔数为2.06只,平均睾丸下降率为78.26%,1~8月睾丸下降率均在75.00%以上,平均繁殖指数为0.65。

In order to enrich the population morphology and ecological data of Eothenomys melanogaster.The data of 105 E.melanogaster collected in paddy field and dryland farming area in Guanling Autonomous County of Guizhou Province from 2018-2022 were analyzed.The results showed that the average body weight of E.melanogaster was 32.24±4.87g,and there was no significant difference between the two sexes in body weight,body length,tail length,hind foot length and ear height,but that was significantly different in carcass weight.During the monitoring period,E.melanogaster accounted for 25.06%of the total number of mice,with an average capture rate of 0.51%,mainly distributed in dryland farming areas.The annual population number was unstable,and they were activities all year round.There were three peak numbers in March,July and November each year,and the capture rates were 0.75%,0.76%and 1.07%respectively.The sex ratio of the population was 1.28,their average pregnancy rate was 55.93%,with the pregnancy rate of over 50%from March to October.There were two reproductive peaks in April to May and September to October,with the average pregnancy rate reaching 75.00%~100%.The average number of births was 2.06,and the average testicular descent rate was 78.26%,with the testicular descent rate of above 75.00%from January to August.The average reproductive index was 0.65.