广西北部湾沿海出土唐代陶瓷器的科技分析

Scientific Analysis of Tang Dynasty Porcelains from the Beibu Gulf,Guangxi

2015~2016年开展考古调查的钦州雅子冲窑址和合浦英罗窑址,是广西北部湾沿岸现存的两处唐代中晚期窑址。采用便携式能量色散型X射线荧光光谱分析技术(PXRF)、光学相干层析成像技术(OCT)和超景深光学显微技术(OM),对具有代表性的瓷器标本进行科技分析,获取了标本釉层内部物理结构、表面微观形貌及胎釉化学成分等信息。分析结果表明,英罗窑址和雅子冲窑址母鸡坑、潭池岭两地点的瓷器标本在宏观特征和显微结构特征等方面具有一定的相似性,但采用了不同的制作工艺。由于瓷器生产尚处于起步阶段,生产能力不足,质量不高,致使在唐中晚期转型以瓷器为主要商品的海上丝绸之路贸易中,广西北部湾地区逐渐被边缘化。

The Yazichong kiln site in Qinzhou and the Yingluo kiln site in Hepu,which were investigated from 2015 to 2016,are two extant kiln sites built in Guangxi and the coast of Beibu Gulf during the middle and late periods of the Tang Dynasty.Portable X-ray Fluorescence(PXRF),Optical Coherence Tomography(OCT)and Optical Microscopy(OM)are used for prime samples,with science and technology techniques,to analyze internal structure,physical properties,surface morphology and chemical composition of the glaze layer.Results show that porcelain specimens found at the Yingluo kiln site bear a resemblance to the specimens found at the Mujikeng and Tanchiling in the Yazichong kiln site of macroscopic properties and microscopic structure.But manufacturing process used in these two kiln sites are different.Owing to the lack of developed porcelain industries,high production capacity and good quality ceramics,the region of Guangxi in the coast of Beibu Gulf continued to be marginalized when porcelain became the main commodity in the maritime Silk Road during the middle and late periods of the Tang Dynasty.