窥基《说无垢称经疏》探析

Kuiji’s Commentary on the Vimalakīrtinirdes’a

窥基《说无垢称经疏》是流传下来的唯一一部《维摩诘经》玄奘译本的注疏。该经疏从头至尾对照玄奘和罗什两个译本,对旧译本的阙误不足以及两译的辞别义同之处均予以了详尽分析。该疏依慈恩宗的判教理论把《维摩诘经》同时判摄于空宗和有宗,批驳了该经唯属于空宗的观点,并以慈恩宗的四重二谛之说结合经文,给出了判摄该经于有宗的理由。《说无垢称经疏》另外一大特色在于窥基依清辨、护法二师的古注,同时以空有二宗的理论并行阐释大部分经文,这对于精研经义、探讨空有二宗的理论异同有着重要的意义。同时,各派对《维摩诘经》进行了判教,窥基也对中观唯识二宗义理进行了会通。

Kuiji’s Commentary on the Vimalakīrtinirdes’a is the only extant commentary on Xuanzang’s translation of the Vimalakīrtinirdes’a.The commentary offers a detailed analysis of the differences between Xuanzang’s translation and that of his predecessor,Kumārajīva.Based on the teaching theory of the Cittamātra school,the commentary argues that the Vimalakīrtinirdes’a belongs to both the emptiness and existence schools,refuting the view that the text belongs exclusively to the emptiness school.Moreover,the commentary interprets most of the scriptures in parallel with the theories of both schools.This approach has significant value for in-depth research into the sutra,as well as for exploring the similarities and differences between the two Buddhist philosophical schools.Kuiji’s Commentary also demonstrates an incorporation of the teachings of the Yogācāra and Mādhyamikāh in addition to that of the Cittamātra school.