侵犯公民个人信息罪量刑失衡的实践检视与调适

Practical Review and Adjustment of the Sentencing Imbalance of the Crime of Infringement on Citizens’Personal Information

在司法实践中,侵犯公民个人信息罪存在定罪准确但量刑失衡的问题,不仅不利于公正司法的实现,而且也不利于遏制侵犯个人信息的犯罪活动。通过对裁判文书网部分典型案例进行分析后发现,侵犯公民个人信息犯罪量刑失衡集中表现为量刑不均和量刑偏差。从量刑规范化改革的角度出发,结合2021年“两高”发布的《关于常见犯罪的量刑指导意见》有关量刑原则与方法的规定,以量化分析为目标,应在量刑幅度范围内按照一定的跨度划分量刑梯度,再将被告人的基本犯罪事实、认罪认罚从宽等量刑情节对应相应的量刑梯度,依次确定量刑起点、基准刑和宣告刑。通过引入量刑梯度既可以推进认罪认罚从宽的精准量刑,又可以规范法官的自由裁量权。

In judicial practice,the crime of infringement on citizens’personal information leads to accurate conviction but imbalanced sentencing.This not only hinders the realization of justice but also fails to curb the crime of infringement on personal information.By analyzing some typical cases on the judicial document website,we found that the imbalance in sentencing the crime of infringement on citizens’personal information is concentrated in uneven sentencing and sentencing deviation.From the perspective of the standardized sentencing reform,and in combination with the principles and methods of sentencing guidance for common crimes released by the Supreme People’s Court and Supreme People’s Procuratorate in 2021,the goal for quantified analysis should be to determine the sentencing gradient within the range of sentencing.Then,the basic facts of defendants’crimes,guilty pleas,and repentance,etc.,should correspond to the corresponding sentencing gradient,and subsequently,the starting point of the sentence,the benchmark penalties,and the declaration of penalties should be determined step by step.By introducing a sentencing gradient,not only can precise sentencing based on guilty pleas be promoted,but it can also standardize the discretion of judges.