连贯的整体论:哲学整体论的一种新创形——苏珊·哈克整体论发微

Articulated Holism:A New Kind of Philosophical Holism——On Holism of Susan Haack

哈克在充分扬弃传统基础论与融贯论的基础上创造出基础融贯论,即连贯的整体论,这是一种崭新的哲学整体论形态。它旨在突破基础论与融贯论二元对立的局面,拒斥先验主义哲学,批判非理性主义和后现代主义对古典西方哲学的解构,实现古典西方哲学在认识论上的复兴。但由于哈克的基础融贯论或连贯的整体论存在着严重的缺陷,比如,基础融贯论无法完成对基础论与融贯论的有机融合,诉诸信念状态证据的心理主义研究理路无法确保证据的客观性和独立可靠性,基础融贯论难以真正兑现贯通经验与逻辑的承诺,等等,所以尽管哈克以典型的分析哲学之风对有关哲学形态作了淋漓尽致的批判,却未能如愿完成对古典西方哲学的独到创新,进而达到捍卫古典西方哲学的目的。

On the basis of fully sublating the traditional foundationalism and coherentism,Haack created foundherentism,that is,articulated holism,which is a new form of philosophical holism.It aims to break through the dualism between foundationalism and coherentism,reject transcendentalism philosophy,criticize irrationalism and postmodernism's deconstruction of classical Western philosophy,and realize the revival of classical Western philosophy in epistemology.However,there are serious defects in Haack's foundherentism or articulated holism,for example,foundherentism can not complete the organic integration of the foundationalism and coherentism,the psychologist approach that appeals to the evidence of the state of belief can not ensure the objectivity and independence of the evidence,it is difficult for foundherentism to fulfill the commitment to really thread through experience and logic,and so on.Therefore,although Haack criticized the philosophical form incisively and vividly with the typical style of analytical philosophy,she failed to complete the original innovation of classical Western philosophy,and then to achieve the purpose of defending classical western philosophy.