工业共生体系下生物质资源化利用的物质能量流分析

Analysis of material and energy flows in biomass resource utilization under industrial symbiosis system

在全球化石能源日益紧张的背景下,以电力、生物燃料为代表的生物能源得到广泛生产。但由于原料收集困难以及经济可行性问题,难以提升产业规模。工业共生是实现资源有效利用的可持续发展模式。在工业共生视角下,以生物质热电联产(CHP)厂、生物乙醇厂、厌氧消化(AD)厂、生物油精炼厂、水泥厂为协同对象,对生物质资源化利用的4种协同模式进行了物质能量流分析,并在此基础上进行了能效和经济性分析结果表明,工业共生体系有利于提高生物质产业之间的资源再利用,减少废物浪费。在生物质秸秆供应量为13.73 t/h,生物乙醇产量为660 L/h,生物油产量为1.01 t/h,AD的沼气产量为275 m³/h,水泥产量67.68 t/h的前提下,通过废物和副产品的再利用,4种协同模式分别额外产生了0.36,2.93,3.47,6.54 MW·h的电力以及1365.8,4548.8,2883.2和29489.4 MJ的热力。4种协同模式运行下能量利用效率比各工厂单独运行时分别变化了-2.66%,11.96%,4.15%和9.40%。每年可分别节约原料收集和运输成本约45.4,369.2,437.2,824.0万元。这项工作为生物质工业之间协同发展提供了详细的数据参考。

Under the growing global shortage of fossil energy,bioenergy represented by biomass power and biofuels has been widely applied.However,its industry scale is hindered by the difficulty in raw material collecting and the economic feasibility.Industrial symbiosis is a sustainable development way to efficiently use various resources.From the perspective of industrial symbiosis,taking biomass cogeneration plants,bioethanol plants,anaerobic digestion(AD)plants,bio-oil refineries and cement plants as collaborative objects,the material and energy flows in biomass resource utilization are studied under four synergistic modes.Energy efficiency and economy analyses are carried out based on the study.The results show that the industrial symbiosis system is beneficial to resource reuse in biomass industry and waste reduction.In a case study,with a biomass straw supply at 13.73 t/h,the plants above could yield 660 L/h bioethanol,1.01 t/h bio-oil,275 m3/h biogas and 67.68 t/h cement.Through the reuse of wastes and by-products,the industrial symbiosis system cogenerated 0.36,2.93,3.47 h or 6.54 MW·h electric power,and 1365.8,4548.8,2883.2 or 29489.4 MJ heat under four synergistic modes.The energy utilization efficiencies of the system in four synergistic modes differed from that of the plants in independent operation mode by-2.66%,11.96%,4.15%and 9.40%,respectively.The cost of raw material collection and transportation were saved by around 454000,3692000,4372000 and 8240000 Yuan per year,respectively.This study provides reference data for the synergistic development of biomass industries.