羁押必要性审查制度的现实困境与改革进路

Practical Issues of the Detention Necessity Review System and Approaches to Its Reform

羁押必要性审查对于全程监督逮捕、防范逮捕筹码化具有重要意义。近年来,在羁押必要性审查制度试点实施过程中,存在因法律规范不统一而导致审查主体混乱、审查程序不规范、审查依据缺乏量化标准等问题。为了进一步完善羁押必要性审查制度,当前亟待厘清羁押必要性审查相关法律规范的关系、回归逮捕的强制措施功能、健全羁押必要性审查配套制度,并以取保候审条件、逮捕条件为参照设置羁押必要性审查的量化指标。此外,应当关注依申请羁押必要性审查的提出次数以及在羁押状态下进行精神病鉴定的犯罪嫌疑人的人权保障问题。

The necessity review of detention refers to the judicial activity of the People’s Procuratorate to examine whether there is a need to continue the detention of arrested criminal suspects or defendants in accordance with the provisions of the Criminal Procedure Law.It is of great significance to supervise the whole process of arrest and prevent“arrest bargaining”.In the implementation of this system,there are problems caused by inconsistent legal norms,such as confusion of the subject of the reviewing,non-standard reviewing procedures,and lack of corresponding quantitative basis for judgment.It is urgent to clarify the relationship between relevant legal norms about the necessity review of detention,to restore the mandatory measures of arrest,to improve the supporting systems,and to establish quantitative indicators for the necessity review of detention using the conditions for release on bail and arrest as reference.In addition,attention should also be paid to the number of requests for necessity review of detention and to psychiatric evaluations of detained suspects.