大气氮沉降增加对土壤生物地球化学特征的影响研究进展

Effects of increased atmospheric nitrogen deposition on soil biogeochemical characteristics:A review

文章从土壤呼吸、土壤化学计量比、土壤碳氮循环、土壤微生物等方面综述了其对氮沉降增加的响应,结果表明:(1)土壤呼吸动态在不同气候区和不同氮沉降背景中表现不同;(2)氮沉降是土壤酸化的主要驱动因素,土壤碳氮循环也因氮沉降产生不同程度和方向的改变;(3)对于化学计量比来说,氮添加导致的土壤有效氮的增加是常见的,而对碳、磷的影响可能因地域而异;(4)土壤微生物对氮沉降引起的土壤理化性质变化是高度敏感的,并且土壤微生物量、多样性以及群落结构对氮沉降响应是高度可变的.

In this paper,the effects of increased nitrogen deposition are reviewed from the aspects of soil respiration,soil stoichiometric ratio,soil carbon and nitrogen cycle,and soil microorganisms.Specifically:(1)The dynamics of soil respiration varies in different climate zones and under different nitrogen deposition backgrounds;(2)Nitrogen deposition is the main driving factor for soil acidification,and soil carbon and nitrogen cycles are also changed to varying degrees and directions due to nitrogen deposition;(3)For the stoichiometric ratio,the increase of soil available nitrogen caused by nitrogen addition is common,while the effect on carbon and phosphorus may vary from region to region;(4)The soil microorganisms are highly sensitive to the change of soil physicochemical properties caused by nitrogen deposition.The nitrogen deposition is highly variable to soil microbial biomass,diversity and community structure.