金黄色葡萄球菌去定植在预防骨与关节手术感染的作用分析

The role of decolonization in the prevention of Staphylococcus aureus bone and joint surgical infection

金黄色葡萄球菌是引起骨与关节感染的常见病原体之一,可通过分泌毒素、生物膜形成等多种方式致病。由于金黄色葡萄球菌可在宿主鼻腔及其他部位长期定植,显著增加住院患者骨与关节感染风险。去定植已被证实可降低住院患者金黄色葡萄球菌骨与关节感染的发生率,既往常用的去定植药物(如莫匹罗星等)效果好,但由于诱导耐药、过敏反应等原因,临床上需要不断研发其他新型替代药物。本文将从金黄色葡萄球菌致病机制、定植,以及骨与关节感染的相关性等方面进行综述,旨在为金黄色葡萄球菌骨与关节感染的预防与治疗提供参考依据。

Staphylococcus aureus(SA)is one of the common pathogens that can cause bone and joint infection through secreting toxins,biofilm formation and other ways.Because SA can colonize in the nasal cavity and other sites of the host for a long time,it significantly increases the risk of bone and joint infection in hospitalized patients.Decolonization treatment is proved to decrease the incidence of SA bone and joint infection of hospitalized patients.Although classic decolonization drugs(such as mupirocin)show good efficacy,there is an increasing demand for developing other new alternative medicine in clinical treatment due to drug resistance,allergic reaction and other causes.In this paper,the pathogenic mechanism of SA,the correlation between colonization as well as bone and joint infection,etc.are reviewed,so as to provide reference and evidence for the prevention and treatment of bone and joint infection caused by SA.