布拉福德《普利茅斯种植园史》中的家园想象

Home Imagining in Bradford's Of Plymouth Plantation

家园是生命的栖息地,家园想象与民族意识和国家认同相互交织,构成了美国文学中的重要母题。北美殖民时期的叙史文学作品布拉福德的《普利茅斯种植园史》在记述早期欧洲移民到达北美开拓殖民地历史事件的同时,建构了对新家园的想象。乘坐“五月花号”航船到达北美建立普利茅斯殖民地的移民的家园想象包含三个向量:宗教共同体、公民政治共同体及殖民共同体。宗教共同体是基于宗教信仰而建构的家园想象;公民政治共同体是基于理想世俗社会模式而建构的家园想象;殖民共同体则指移民以选择性包容和排除模式而建构的家园想象,具有殖民主义的霸权性质。研究美国早期文学作品中的家园想象,有助于了解形成美利坚民族意识和构建美国国家认同的内在逻辑与深层机理,有利于研判当今美国遭遇的社会问题与困境。

Home is the shelter for life.Home imagining,intertwining with national consciousness and national identity,has been the very important motif in American literature.The American colonial literary work,Bradford􀆳s Of Plymouth Plantation,has constructed their home imaginings,while recording the historical events of the earliest European immigrants colonizing North America.The home imagined by the immigrants aboard the Mayflower has three vectors:religious community,civic body politic community and colonial community.Religious community is the home imagining based on religious belief;civic body politic based on the model of ideal secular social;and colonial community refers to the home imagining constructed by immigrants following the pattern of select inclusions and exclusions,bearing the hegemonic nature of colonialism.The study of the home imagining in the early American literature facilitates us to understand the internal logic and deep mechanism of the formation of the American national consciousness and the construction of the American national identity,and is conducive to making an analysis of and a judgement on the social problems and predicaments encountered by the United States today.