当代美国拉美裔传记文学中的生命政治

Biopolitics in Contemporary Latino-American Biography

美国拉美裔传记作家继承拉美裔文学对于生命书写的关切,以传记事实为基础,借助文学的多维度价值投射,创作出类型各异的传记作品,体现个人经历与社会历史的交织互哺。当代阶段的知识分子传记、流亡者传记、非法移民传记、帮派成员传记等传记类型,以拉美裔美国人的个性化在场呈现个体经历中的宏大叙事,再现拉美裔族群的历史、生存现状以及背后的权力运作机制。传记真实性内核中的价值判断投射出复杂的、隐性的权力关系,揭示生命政治主体对个人生活的钳制。拉美裔传记文学既具拉美裔文化特质,释放出被宏大历史所淹没的普通人物的声音,同时也通过传主的故事观照国家历史,参与美国精神的建构。

American Latino biographers,upon inheriting the literary tradition of life writing,have created various modes of biographies by resorting to biographical facts and by making use of multiple projection of values as characteristic of literature,achieving an interconnection between personal experiences and social history.Contemporary biographies,like those of intellectuals,exiles,illegal immigrants and gang members,to highlight the individual presence of Latino Americans,present the grand narrative through personal perspectives and represent the Latino collective history and existence as well as the power mechanism behind.The value judgment as implicit in the core of biographical authenticity projects the sophisticated and implicit power relations,revealing the restraint of biopolitical subject on personal life.Latino biography,replete with cultural characteristics,releases the voice of ordinary people as otherwise drowned by the grand narrative,and at once takes part in the construction of the American spirit by reflecting national history through the biographers􀆳stories.