改进的综合水质标识指数法在海安市河流水质评价中的应用研究

Application of Improved Comprehensive Water Quality Identification Index Method in Water Quality Evaluation of Rivers in Hai'an City

以海安市境内7条主要河流为研究对象,基于2017年-2021年各河流监测断面逐月水质监测结果,采用基于超标倍数赋权计算的综合水质标识指数法对各河流水质状况进行综合评价,并评估其变化趋势及污染风险。评价结果显示:近年来海安市境内主要河流水质呈现逐年改善趋势,部分河流水质变化显著,2021年整体水质为Ⅱ类-Ⅲ类,但各河流逐月水质波动较大,尤其是汛期7月份和8月份,海安市河流整体水质较差,均出现超标现象,其中总磷超标最严重,存在接近劣Ⅴ类水质的风险,氨氮次之。今后需要进一步加大农业面源污染整治工作。

Based on the seven major rivers in Hai'an City and their monthly water quality monitoring results from 2017 to 2021,the comprehensive water quality identification index method which is based on the calculation of superscalar multiple weighting is adopted to comprehensively evaluate the water quality of each river,and evaluate its change trend and pollution risk.Results show that the water quality of major rivers in Hai'an City has shown a trend of improvement year by year,and some of them has changed significantly.In 2021,the overall water quality of all rivers is II to III.However,the water quality of all rivers fluctuates greatly from month to month,especially in July and August in flood season.During the period,the overall water quality in the city is poor and exceeds the standard.TP is the most serious excessive pollutant and has the risk of approaching V,followed by NH 3-N.The control of agricultural non-point source pollution is necessary to further strengthen in the future.