岩巷定向隔振聚能爆破技术研究

Directional vibration isolation concentration blasting technology in rock roadway

为了提高爆破质量,加快岩巷掘进速度,以桑树坪二号井为研究对象,利用数值模拟及现场试验的方法研究定向隔振聚能爆破的主要影响因素。对比装药不耦合系数为1.0、1.5、2.0时的爆破效果,结果表明,不耦合系数为2.0时的聚能及爆破效果好;其次由锥形、圆弧形、及半圆形聚能罩下爆破的岩石裂隙发育形态可知,锥形聚能罩下爆破波及范围广,周围岩石裂缝宽度大,爆破效果比较好;模拟对比45°、60°、90°、120°的锥形聚能罩爆破后岩石内应力的分布特征,在60°时,岩石受压应力影响较大,分布裂隙较为集中。经现场试验,在径向装药系数为2.0、使用60°的锥形聚能罩时,爆破成效显著,矿井岩巷掘进速率大幅提升。

In order to improve the blasting quality and speed up the excavation speed of rock roadway,taking the Sangshuping No.2 well as a research object,the main influential factors on the directional vibration isolation and energy blasting are studied by numerical simulation and field test methods:The blasting effects are compared when charge uncoupling coefficients are 1.0,1.5,and 2.0.The results show that when the uncoupling coefficient is 2.0,the energy concentration effect is good with ideal blasting effect,followed by conical,circular arc,and semicircle blasting of the rock cracks under the energy concentration cover.The development pattern shows that the blasting under the conical energy concentration cover has a wide range,the surrounding rock cracks are wide,and the blasting effect is relatively good.Finally,the internal stress distribution characteristics are simulated and compared when 45°,60°,90°,and 120°conical energy concentration cover are blasted.According to the distribution characteristics of internal stress,the results show that at 60°,the rock is greatly affected by compressive stress,and the distribution cracks are relatively concentrated.Through field tests,when the radial charge coefficient is 2.0 and the 60°conical energy concentration cover is used,remarkable blasting results have been achieved,and the excavation rate of mine rock and roadway has been greatly improved.