对外贸易、经济增长与近海污染

Foreign Trade,Economic Growth and Offshore Pollution

贸易、经济发展是环境污染的主要影响因素。现有文献主要探讨贸易、经济发展对于陆地污染的影响机制,而忽视近海污染转移效应。文章选取2003-2016年沿海47个城市的面板数据,实证检验环境库兹涅茨曲线(EKC)假说和“污染避难所”假说。研究结果表明:沿海城市对外贸易与工业废水排放量负相关,但与近海污染正相关,说明存在污染转移效应;沿海城市的近海污染与经济增长之间呈现“U”形曲线的关系,不符合EKC假说。本研究结论表明应从陆海统筹角度治理环境污染,抑制污染转移效应。

Trade and economic development are the main influencing factors of environmental pollution.The existing literature mainly discussed the impact mechanism of trade and economic development on land pollution,ignoring the transfer effect of offshore pollution.This paper selected the panel data of 47 coastal cities from 2003 to 2016 to empirically test the Environmental Kuznets Curve(EKC)hypothesis and the“pollution shelter”hypothesis.The results showed that there was a negative correlation between foreign trade and industrial wastewater discharge in coastal cities,but it was positively correlated with offshore pollution,indicating that there was a pollution transfer effect.The relationship between offshore pollution and economic growth in coastal cities was the relationship of the“U”shaped curve did not conform to the EKC hypothesis.The conclusion of this paper means that environmental pollution should be managed from the perspective of land and sea overall planning,and the effect of pollution transfer should be suppressed.