基于多源数据的城市滨水空间活力研究——以杭州西湖滨水区为例

Research on Space Vitality in West Lake Waterfront of Hangzhou Based on Multi-source Data

为探究城市滨水空间活力的时空特征与影响因素,提升滨水空间活力及完善滨水区的规划建设,以杭州西湖滨水区为例,利用百度热力图,对滨水空间活力的时空变化特征进行定量测度,并通过构建多元线性回归模型,分析滨水空间各要素对活力的影响程度。结果表明:(1)时间上,受劳务管理规章制度的约束,工作日滨水空间活力更具节律性,而休息日滨水空间活力后延性明显,且变化更加自由;空间上,呈现出空间分异、线性分布和明显的地块特征。(2)滨水空间内部要素大约能解释47%的活力,整体要素能解释52.3%的活力。岸线可达性、文化设施密度、服务设施密度和交通设施丰富度对空间活力有显著的促进作用,而绿地率和慢行路网密度对空间活力有微弱抑制作用。未来在进行滨水空间规划设计时,应加强与城市腹地间的连通,完善滨水空间内部配套设施,同时,要注重滨水区的复合式开发,最大化拓展空间功能,优化空间资源配置。

During April 9th to 15th 2022,119 heat maps were collected from Baidu to quantitative measure the spatiotemporal variation of waterfront area vitality in West Lake of Hangzhou,Zhejiang province.The impact of different factors of waterfront area on vitality was analyzed by multiple linear regression model.The results show that in terms of time,vitality at working days was more rhythmic,while at rest day was obviously delayed and changes more freely.In terms of space,the waterfront spatial vitality presented spatial differentiation,linear distribution and obvious plot characteristics.The internal factors of waterfront area could explain about 47%of the vitality,and the total factors 52.3%.The accessibility,density of cultural facilities,the density of service facilities and the richness of transportation facilities could significantly promote the vitality,while green space rate and the density of slow-moving road network had inhibition effect on the vitality.Suggestions were put forwarded such as strengthening connection with the urban hinterland and improving the internal supporting facilities of the waterfront area,as well as integrating development of the waterfront,maximizing spatial functions,and optimizing the allocation of spatial resources.