微塑料与藻类相互作用研究现状和热点追踪的可视化分析

Visualization Analysis of the Research Status and Hotspots Track for Literature on Interactions between Microplastics and Microalgae.

微塑料广泛分布于水体环境中,且长期存在,对水生生物和人类健康构成极大威胁。藻类作为初级生产者,对污染物毒性极为敏感且可被高营养级别生物利用,因此可被用于开展微塑料生态毒性评估。为深入了解微塑料与藻类相互作用关系的研究现状,检索了2002年1月1日—2022年5月31日Web of Science(WOS)数据库中微塑料与藻类相互作用关系论文,采用CiteSpace和VOSviewer等工具对485篇文献的作者、机构和关键词进行知识图谱可视化分析,探索研究热点和研究脉络。结果表明,微塑料与藻类相互作用关系的研究为生态毒理学领域新兴研究方向,领域内发表学术论文较多的期刊为《Environmental Pollution》(66篇)和《Science of the Total Environment》(56篇),其中,中国学者在该领域发文量远超其他国家,清华大学、中国海洋大学和中国科学院等机构之间合作比较密切;现有研究集中于微塑料对藻类生态毒性的影响及作用机制,主要从微塑料尺寸、浓度和环境影响等因素探讨毒性效果,主要涉及18种微塑料和28个藻属,其中对小球藻的研究最多,其后依次为莱茵衣藻、盐生杜氏藻和三角褐指藻;该领域的3个研究热点为潜在毒性、联合效应和营养级,微塑料可通过多种方式与其他污染物形成复合污染物并产生联合毒性效应,复合污染物对藻类的生态毒性和生物积累效应以及在食物链中的迁移转化和潜在毒性是该领域研究的新兴趋势。

Microplastics,which pose a great threat to aquatic life and human health are widely distributed and existed for a long time in the water environment.As primary producers,microalgae are extremely sensitive to the toxic pollutants and can be utilized by high-trophic organisms,so they have been applied to assess the ecotoxicity of microplastics.In order to understand the current research status of the interaction between microplastics and microalgae,the related published papers of the interaction between microplastics and microalgae have been searched from Web of Science(WOS)from January 1,2002 to May 31,2022.Tools such as CiteSpace and VOSviewer have been used to visually analyze the authors,institutions and keywords from the 485 literatures,and to explore the research hotspots and research context.The bibliometric analysis results show that the research on the interaction between microplastics and microalgae is an emerging research direction in the field of ecotoxicology.Environmental Pollution(66 articles)and Science of the Total Environment(56 articles)are the two most published academic journals in the field.China has a strong interest in this field,and the number of publications is far higher than those of other countries.In addition,there is close cooperation among domestic institutions such as Tsinghua University,Ocean University of China and Chinese Academy of Sciences.Existing studies are focused on the ecotoxicity effects of microplastics on microalgae and the mechanism of toxicity,which are mainly evaluated from the dimensions and concentrations of microplastics,environmental impacts and other factors.A total of 18 microplastics and 28 microalgae species are involved,and Chlorella sp.is the most studied,followed by Chlamydomonas sp.,Dunaliella sp.and Phaeodactyla sp.Potential toxicity,combined effects and trophic levels are the three research hotspots in this field.Microplastics can form composite pollutants with other contaminants in different ways and produce combined toxic effects,and the ecotoxicity and bioaccumulation effects of composite pollutants on microalgae,as well as their migration,transformation and potential toxicity in food chains are emerging trends in this field.