性别何以分工:云南芒团傣族手工造纸技艺的区隔与传承

How to Divide Labor by Gender:The Distinction and Inheritance of Handmade Paper Making Skills of Dai People in Mangtuan,Yunnan

性别分工并非由个体的生物属性决定,而是生成于具体社会文化情境之中。手工造纸技艺的女性传承将社会性别观念植根于技能经验中,将性别的文化生产与社会的物质生产联系起来,它所创制的性别分工模式是社会共享价值和信仰的外显形态。而有关技艺的知识以身体实践的方式完成技能及社会资本的代代相传,使融入其中的社会观念和文化信仰自然化,从而以不被辨认的模式由个体延续和实践。

The gender division of labor is not determined by individual biological attributes,but is generated in specific sociocultural contexts.The female transmission of Handcrafted Paper Making Skills roots the concept of gender in the experience of skills and links the cultural production of gender to the material production of society,creating a gendered division of labor that is the outward expression of socially shared values and beliefs.The knowledge of the skills is transmitted from one generation to the next in the form of physical practices,which naturalize the social concepts and cultural beliefs incorporated in them,and are thus perpetuated and practiced by individuals in an unrecognized mode.