明朝之前中医骨伤科文献研究

Literature Study on Orthopedics and Traumatology of Traditional Chinese Medicine before Ming Dynasty

中医骨伤科起源于远古时期;战国、秦汉时中医骨伤科解剖生理知识、创伤病因病机等基础理论基本形成;魏晋隋唐时期骨伤科诊疗技术取得了重大进步,骨折复位、固定、功能锻炼三大原则及整体观念、筋骨并重、动静结合、内外兼治治伤理念初步形成;至宋金元时期,骨伤科独立成科,不但创新了复位方法,而且对开放性损伤以及手术治疗有了进一步探索,骨伤科理论得到升华,临床经验得到总结,为明清时期骨伤科的兴盛打下了坚实的基础。

Orthopedics and traumatology of traditional Chinese medicine originated in ancient times.In the Warring States period,Qin and Han Dynasties,the basic theories of anatomy and physiology,etiology and pathogenesis of orthopedics and traumatology of traditional Chinese medicine were basically formed.By the Wei,Jin,Sui and Tang Dynasties,great progress had been made in the diagnosis and treatment technology of orthopedics and traumatology.The three principles of fracture reduction,fixation and functional exercise and the holism,emphasis on both sinews and bones,combination of motion and quietness,and the concept of internal and external treatment of injuries had initially taken shape.In the song,Jin and Yuan Dynasties,orthopedics and traumatology became the independent department.It not only innovated the reduction method,but also further explored the open injury and surgical treatment.The theory of orthopedics and traumatology was sublimated and the clinical experience was summarized,which laid a solid foundation for the prosperity of orthopedics and traumatology in the Ming and Qing Dynasties.