国土空间生态修复法律制度建构的探讨

Discussion on the construction of legal system for ecological restoration of territorial space

国土空间生态修复作为中国新时期国土空间开发保护的一项重要战略,不同于一般意义上的微观区域生态修复,亦非法律责任承担方式。系统修复和综合治理是国土空间生态修复的元理论和方法论,通过法律制度建构以实现制度之治是推动系统修复和综合治理的重要路径。在此视野下通过对现行治理实践予以检视,可以发现其具有治理价值认知存在偏差、治理逻辑仍不自洽、法制框架仍不完善的问题。为此,应当通过建构国土空间生态修复法律制度以“固根本、稳预期、利长远”。具体建构路径为:以三大战略为依托实现国土空间生态修复的顶层设计;以空间有序和多元共治为逻辑主线完善体制机制;以“国土空间开发保护法”为载体完善治理制度框架。

Ecological restoration of territorial space(ERTS),as an important strategy for the protection of territorial space development in the new era in China,is different from ecological restoration of small areas in the general sense,nor is it a way to assume legal responsibility.Systematic restoration and comprehensive governance are the meta-theory and methodology of ERTS,and the realization of institutionalized governance through legal system construction is an important path to promote systematic restoration and comprehensive governance.By examining the current governance practices of ERTS under this perspective,this study suggests that there are still deviations in the perception of governance values,the governance logic is still not self-consistent,and the legal framework is still imperfect.To this end,the legal system of ERTS should be constructed to strengthen the fundamentals,stabilize expectations and benefit the long term,thus promoting the effective implementation of ERTS strategy.And the path of its construction is as follows:to realize the top-level design of ERTS based on three major strategies;to improve the institutional mechanism with the logical thread of spatial order reshaping and pluralistic co-management;to improve the governance institutional framework with the "Law on the Protection of Territorial Space Development" as the carrier.