前臂截肢者残肢运动时大脑脑电信号的事件相关去同步化/同步化变化特征

Study on characteristics of event-related desynchronization/synchronization of electroencephalography dur⁃ing movement of residual limbs in forearm amputees

目的:通过脑电技术探讨前臂截肢对人体大脑功能可塑性的影响。方法:本研究使用脑电系统采集右侧前臂截肢者(9例,截肢年限均为6年以上)和正常健康人(15例)进行左右上肢直臂屈伸运动任务时的脑电信号。分析与运动相关的μ波(8—12Hz)的脑电信号的ERD/ERS变化特征。结果:与正常组相比,截肢组受试者健侧肢运动过程中除了大脑右半球额区F4通道μ波的ERD现象程度显著降低(P<0.05)外,其它脑区的通道均无显著性差异(P>0.05);而截肢组受试者残肢运动时,μ波ERD程度在对侧额区F3、中央区C3表现为显著降低(P<0.05),而在双侧枕区(O1、O2)表现为ERD显著升高(P<0.01)。结论:截肢组受试者健侧肢运动时μ波变化与正常组相似,而截肢组受试者残肢在执行任务时,表现出特异性大脑对侧半球额区、中央区及双侧枕区μ波事件相关去同步化现象。

Objective:To explore the impacts of forearm amputation on functional plasticity of the brain in amputees by electroencephalography(EEG)technique.Method:The EEG system was employed to synchronously acquire EEG signals of the subjects.The subjects performed a straight arm flexion and extension movement task of the left and right upper limbs.EEG signals were used to analyze ERD/ERS of EEGμrhythm(8—12 Hz),which is related to movement.Result:Compared with the normal group,the amputation group showed significant decreasedμrhythm ERD degree of F4 channel in frontal area of right hemisphere during the intact limb movement in(P<0.05).However,there were no significant differences in other brain regions between the normal group and amputation group.The degree of ERD phenomenon decreased significantly in the contralateral frontal area F3 and the central area C3(P<0.05),and the degree of ERD phenomenon increased(P<0.01)in bilateral occipital region(O1 and O2)during the movement of residual limb.Conclusion:The changes ofμrhythm during intact limb movement for the amputees were similar to that in the normal group.However,when performing the task by the residual limbs for the amputees,there is a specific ERD phenomenon of theμrhythm in the frontal,central,and occipital regions of the brain bilateral hemispheric.