器械包特性及托盘结构对压力蒸汽灭菌升温延迟时间的影响

Effect of instrument package characteristics and tray structure on heating delay time of pressure steam sterilization

目的研究器械包重量和托盘结构等因素对于压力蒸汽灭菌升温延迟时间的影响。方法采用温度压力检测仪,检测不同重量不同托盘层数对普通金属器械和棘轮手柄在7次脉动和4次脉动压力蒸汽灭菌器中升温时间的影响。结果单层托盘3.5和7 kg普通金属器械包,3层托盘14和28 kg普通金属器械包器械表面温度和灭菌维持温度均合格,未出现升温延迟现象。12 kg棘轮手柄器械包在7次脉动和4次脉动压力蒸汽灭菌器中升温时间比4 kg棘轮手柄器械包明显增加,分别增加了57%和34%。3层托盘棘轮手柄器械包在7次脉动和4次脉动压力蒸汽灭菌器中的升温时间比单层棘轮手柄器械包明显增加,分别增加85%和49%。结论超重包和多层托盘增加了特殊材质和复杂结构器械的灭菌失败风险,但不会增加普通金属器械灭菌风险。

Objective To study the influence of package weight and tray structure on sterilization heating delaytime of surgical instruments.Methods A temperature and pressure detector was used to measure the heating delay time of metal instrument and ratchet wheel handle in different package weight and tray layers in autoclaves with 7 pulsations or 4 pulsations.Results The surface temperature and sterilization maintenance temperature of 3.5 and 7 kg common metal instrument packs on the single-layer tray,and 14 and 28 kg common metal instrument packages on the 3-layer tray were qualified,and there was no heating delay.The heating time of the ratchet wheel handle in 12 kg package in the autoclaves with 7 pulsations or 4 pulsations were significantly increased compared with the 4 kg package.It increased by 57%and 34%,respectively.The heating time of the 3-layer tray ratchet wheel handle pack in the autoclaves with 7 pulsation or 4 pulsation were significantly increased than that of the single-layer,which was extended by 85%and 49%,respectively.Conclusion The package weight and multi-layer trays increase the risk of sterilization failure of special materials and complex structure devices,but do not increase the risk of sterilization of common metal instruments.