基于UHPLC-HRMS/MS的鲜人参不同部位中皂苷类成分差异分析

Comparative Analysis of Components of Ginsenosides in Different Parts of Fresh Ginseng Radix Et Rhizoma Based on UHPLC-HRMS/MS

目的采用UHPLC-HRMS/MS对鲜人参中的三萜皂苷类成分进行分析鉴定,并阐明鲜人参不同部位(主根、侧根、须根和芦头)所含的三萜皂苷类成分的差异性。方法以水饱和正丁醇为提取溶剂,以水-乙腈为流动相进行梯度洗脱,在ESI负离子模式下建立新鲜人参药材中皂苷类成分的UHPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap MS/MS分析表征方法,并采集各样品的高分辨质谱数据。结合色谱保留行为、精确分子量、多级质谱裂解规律及对照品比对等,鉴定各样品中的人参皂苷类成分;依据已鉴定的人参皂苷色谱峰的相对丰度,筛选差异色谱峰,阐明鲜人参各部位差异。结果从鲜人参不同部位中共检测到68种差异皂苷类成分,其中主根有44种,侧根有47种,须根有52种,芦头有37种。结论鲜人参不同部位中皂苷类成分差异较大;人参侧根、芦头等非主要药用部位中含有多种人参皂苷,且存在其他部位未检测到的成分,可作为药物研发的重要原料及多种人参皂苷的提取原料。

OBJECTIVE To isolate and identify the triterpenoid ginsenosides in fresh Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma by UHPLC-HRMS/MS,and to compare the differences of ginsenoside in different parts of Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma(main root,lateral root,fibrous root,and reed head).METHODS Water-saturated n-butanol was used as extraction solvent.Water-acetonitrile was used as the mobile phase for gradient elution.UHPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap MS/MS method for the analysis and characterization of ginsenosides in Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma was established in ESI negative ion mode,and the high resolution mass spectrometry data of each sample were collected.Combined with chromatographic retention behavior,accurate molecular weight,fragmentation law of multistage mass spectrometry and comparison of reference substances,ginsenosides in each sample were identified,and the differential peaks were screened to clarify the differences of different parts in Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma according to the relative content changes of identified ginsenosides in chromatography.RESULTS A total of 68 ginsenosides were detected from different parts of fresh Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma,including 44 in main root,47 in lateral root,52 in fibrous root and 37 in reed head.CONCLUSION There are great differences in ginsenosides in different parts of fresh Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma.Non-main medicinal parts such as ginseng lateral roots and reed heads,containing a large amount of ginsenosides and ingredients that are not detected in other parts,can be used as an important raw material for drug research and development and as a raw material for the extraction of various ginsenosides.