肠道菌群靶向干预:从传统方法到工程菌设计

Gut microbiota-targeted interventions:from conventional approaches to genetic engineering

The human gut is a complex ecosystem,inhabited by a diverse range of microorganisms,including bacteria,archaea,fungi,as well as viruses,collectively known as the gut microbiota.These microorganisms interact with each other and also with the host,performing multifaceted functions that support the host’s vital life activities[1].The gut microbiota exerts significant influence on numerous physiological processes in the host,including metabolism,immunomodulation,and regulation of nervous system[2,3].Research conducted over the past few decades has demonstrated the importance of maintaining a balanced intestinal microbiota for human health.Dysbiosis of gut microbiota is usually associated with a variety of diseases,such as inflammatory bowel disease(IBD),obesity,diabetes,colorectal cancer,and cardiovascular,as well as neurological and psychiatric disorders,such as anxiety,depression,autism,and Parkinson’s disease[2,4].As our understanding of the gut microbiota continues to improve,conventional gut microbiota-targeted interventions or utilizing engineered bacteria as therapeutic carriers hold great promise in the treatment or alleviation of various intestinal and systemic diseases.