古埃及新王国时期的W3d-wr(■)边境要塞研究

A Study of Ancient Egyptian w3d-wr(■)Fortress in the New Kingdom Period

古埃及新王国时期的北部、东部及南部边境,都建立了重要的边境要塞,以服务于法老对埃及边境地区的管理.在古埃及最北部的尼罗河三角洲区域,法老修建了一座名为w3d-wr的边境要塞.作为帝国统治者对于其北部边境治理的一个重要基地,w3d-wr边境要塞兼具军事及行政功能.而从文献记载中可知,w3d-wr边境要塞在实际运作中主要用于处理行政事务,如记录货物的进出口以及跨境运输的调度.同时,关于w3d-wr边境要塞的实际地理位置目前还存在着争议.此外,w3d-wr边境要塞与神庙之间的关系,也侧面印证了新王国时期阿蒙神庙权力的逐步扩大.

During the New Kingdom period,several important border fortresses were built on the northern,eastern and southern borders of Egypt,in order to serve Pharaoh's administration requirements in those border areas.In Egypt's northernmost region,the Nile Delta Region,Pharaoh has built a border fortress called w3d-wr.As an important military base for the imperial ruler's administration of his northern frontier,the w3d-wr border fortress contained both military and administrative functions.In practice,the w3d-wr border fortress was mainly used for administrative purposes,such as recording the import and export of goods and dispatching cross-border transport.At the same time,the actual location of the wed-wr border fortress is still under debate.Furthermore,the relationship between the wd-wr border fortress and the temple is a side-effect of the gradual expansion of the power of the temple of Amun during the New Kingdom.