城市污水中部分亚硝化-厌氧氨氧化工艺NOB抑制策略的研究进展

Research progress of NOB inhibition strategy of partial nitrosation-anammox process in municipal wastewater

城市污水具有低温低氨氮(NH4+-N)的特点,不利于亚硝酸盐氧化菌(NOB)的长期稳定抑制,而NOB的过度增殖会导致出水硝氮(NO3--N)指标升高,对其他功能微生物产生竞争性抑制作用,进而降低部分亚硝化-厌氧氨氧化(PN/A)系统的脱氮性能和稳定性。以氨氧化菌(AOB)、NOB、厌氧氨氧化菌(AnAOB)等功能微生物动力学参数、生长特性为基础,探讨了主流条件下的城市污水处理系统中优势功能微生物的变迁。综述了当前普遍采用的低溶氧(DO)限制、好氧-缺氧交替、生物强化、投加抑制剂、泥龄(SRT)筛选、低亚氮等NOB抑制策略,并总结了单一抑制策略无法长期、稳定抑制NOB活性,需进一步考察多重策略的联合作用。继而,从性能和工艺复杂程度,对目前普遍采用的实现多重策略联合调控的反应系统进行了探讨。提出采用活性污泥模型(ASM)与实验相结合的方法,为助力主流PN/A工艺运行调控提供了新思路,并指出深化基础理论的研究,开发新型的组合工艺强化NOB的抑制及脱氮性能稳定也是可行的发展方向。

Municipal sewage is characterized by low temperature and low ammonia nitrogen(NH4+-N),and nitrite oxidizing bacteria(NOB)can hardly be stably inhibited for a long time,while excessive proliferation of NOB will lead to the increase of NO3--N in effluent,which will produce competitive inhibition on other functional microorganisms,thus,the nitrogen removal performance and stability of partial nitrosation-anammox(PN/A)system is reduce.Based on the dynamic parameters and growth characteristics of functional microorganisms such as ammonia oxidizing bacteria(AOB),NOB and anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria(AnAOB),the changes of dominant functional microorganisms under mainstream conditions were discussed.The commonly used NOB inhibition strategies,such as low soluble oxygen(DO restriction),aerobic and hypoxia alternations,bioenhancement,inhibitor injection,mud age(SRT)panning,and low nitazine,were reviewed.It was concluded that a single inhibition strategy could not inhibit NOB activity in a long-term and stablly,and the combined effects of multiple strategies should be further investigated.Then,from the aspect of performance and the complexity of the process,the reaction system widely used to realize the joint control of multiple strategies was discussed.The method of combining activated sludge model(ASM)with experiment was proposed,which could provide a new idea for facilitating the operation and regulation of mainstream PN/A process.It was also pointed out that deeping the research of basic theories and developing a new combined process to strengthen the inhibition of NOB and the stability of nitrogen removal performance would also be a feasible development direction.