特大型全地下式取水泵站工艺设计及运行安全分析

Design and Operational Safety Analysis of Extra‑large Underground Water Intake Pumping Stations

针对特大型全地下式取水泵站施工难度大、安全风险高、检修维护困难等特点,从工艺需求、集约化布置、水泵配置、安装检修及运行安全等角度提出相关设计原则。以南京某长江取水工程为例,对特大型全地下式取水泵站设计要点进行分析。取水型式的选择应结合水文条件、河床深度、施工难度等因素,保证最低水位时的取水量及较好的水力条件;水泵的选型及配置方案应以工况分析为基础,通过比转数计算,并统筹考虑近、远期的水量变化,确保配泵方案适配需求,经济合理;全地下式泵房的布置应尽量采用叠合、组合形式,以减少地下构筑物的占地面积,优化平面布局及竖向空间,降低基坑开挖深度,同时应结合周边交通条件,合理设置运输检修通道;从安全防护角度考虑,全地下式泵站应重点考虑防淹设计,可通过抬高吊装孔翻口及设置防雨百叶等方式防止雨水进入,并配置快关型闸门切断与外部水源的连通;消防设计建议进行消防专项评估,在经消防审批部门认可的情况下,适当扩大防火分区的面积,以降低消防设施对泵房空间布置的影响。

In view of the problems such as high construction difficulty,high operational risk and strict maintenance requirement of extra‑large underground water intake pumping station,the relevant design principles were proposed from the perspectives of process requirements,intensive layout,pump setup,installation and maintenance and operation safety.The design points of an extra‑large underground water intake pumping station pumping raw water from the Yangtze River in Nanjing were analyzed.The selection of water intake method should be combined with factors such as hydrological conditions,riverbed depth and construction difficulty to ensure the water quantity at the lowest water level and better hydraulic conditions.The selection and layout of the pumps should be based on the analysis of the working conditions,so as to ensure that the pump plan was satisfactory,economic and reasonable through the calculation of the specific rotate speed and overall consideration of the short‑term and long‑term water quantity changes.The layout of underground pumping house should adopt the form of superposition or co‑construction as far as possible,reduce the footprint area of underground structures,optimize the layout and vertical space and reduce the depth of foundation pit excavation.In addition,the maintenance and transportation access shall be reasonably set based on the surrounding traffic conditions.From the perspective of safety protection,the underground pumping station should focus on flood prevention design,which prevented rainwater entering by raising the lifting hole flap and setting the rainproof louvers,and adding a quick‑closing sluice gate to cut off the connection to the external water source.It is suggested to carry out special fire protection evaluation for the fire protection design of underground pumping stations,and appropriately expand the area of fire protection zone after the approval of fire protection examination and approval department,so as to reduce the impact of fire protection facilities on the spatial arrangement of the pumping house.