托幼机构儿童视力现状及影响因素分析

Analysis of Current Situation and Influencing Factors of Children's Vision in Nursery Institutions

目的了解长宁区周家桥社区儿童视力现状,提出学龄前儿童视力保健服务改进策略,提高服务能级。方法根据儿童视力影响因素设计问卷并选取上海市周家桥街道社区内2019年入园的266名儿童为研究对象,对其家长进行问卷调查,根据调查结果,分为裸眼视力正常组(200名)和裸眼视力异常组(66例)。采用Logistic回归分析法分析儿童视力现状及影响因素。结果两组每晚入睡时间、晚上睡眠时间、接触电子产品时间、每天看电子产品时间、家庭采光情况、户外活动时间、是否使用视力矫正产品、看电视的距离、父母对儿童看书的坐姿关注等分布情况比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。并针对以上因素进行多因素Logistic回归分析,结果显示黄疸抢救史、每晚入睡时间、晚上睡眠时间、晚上睡觉小夜灯使用情况、每天看电子产品时间、看书时间、家庭采光情况、家长对孩子看书的坐姿要求为影响学龄前儿童裸眼视力的独立危险因素(OR=25.950、5.055、4.832、11.745、3.506、2.358、2.343、1.178,P<0.05)。结论儿童视力保健需要学龄前儿童、家长、学校以及医务人员共同努力,需要从预防、宣教、治疗等方面联合协作,对儿童视力向良好的方向发展有一定的指导意义。

Objective To understand the status quo of children's vision in Zhoujiaqiao Community,Changning Dis⁃trict,and to propose strategies for improving vision care services for preschool children,so as to improve service lev⁃els.Methods According to the influencing factors of children's vision,a questionnaire was designed and 266 children who entered the kindergarten in 2019 in Zhoujiaqiao Neighborhood Community,Changning District,Shanghai were se⁃lected as the research objects,and their parents were surveyed.According to the survey results,they were divided into the normal naked eye vision group(200 people)and the abnormal naked eye vision group(66 cases).Logistic regres⁃sion analysis was used to analyze the status quo and influencing factors of children's visual acuity.Results The distri⁃bution of sleep time,sleep time at night,exposure time to electronic products,daily viewing time of electronic prod⁃ucts,home lighting conditions,outdoor activity time,whether to use vision correction products,distance to watch TV,and parents'attention to children's sitting posture while reading and writing between the two groups were compared,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Multiple logistic regression analysis was conducted based on the above factors,and the results showed that jaundice rescue history the time of falling asleep every night,the time of sleeping at night,the use of night lights at night,the time of watching electronic products every day,the time of read⁃ing,family lighting conditions,and parents'attitude towards children,the requirement of sitting posture for reading were independent risk factor affecting the uncorrected visual acuity of preschool children(OR=25.950,5.055,4.832,11.745,3.506,2.358,2.343,1.178,P<0.05).Conclusion Children's vision care needs the joint efforts of preschool children,parents,schools and medical personnel,and needs joint cooperation from prevention,education,treatment and other aspects,which has certain guiding significance for the development of children's vision to a good direction.