古代雅典陪审法庭的证据分类及其特点

Classification of Evidence and its Characteristics of Ancient Athens Jury Court

古代雅典陪审法庭是雅典民主制的重要组成部分。陪审法庭上的证据主要分为五类:法律和法令、私人档案、证人、证据性拷问、誓言。与现代法律意义上的证据不同,古代雅典陪审法庭的证据服务于法庭演说,无须由专门机构提前查验证据的真实性,证人身份的可信性比证词重要。因此,古代雅典陪审法庭的证据是法庭演说的组成部分,目的是增强法庭演说的说服力,赢得陪审团的支持。

The jury court in ancient Athens was an important part of Athens democracy.Evidence in the court was divided into five categories:laws and decrees,personal documents,witnesses,evidentiary torture and oaths.Unlike the evidence in modern law,the evidence in the ancient Athens jury court served for the court speech;and the authenticity of the evidence did not need to be checked in advance by a special agency;the credibility of the witness identity is more important than the testimony.So the purpose of evidence in the ancient Athenian jury court was not to tell people the truth,but to make the speech more persuasive as part of the court speech.