新疆少数民族务工经商群体社会融入实证研究——以浙江省义乌市某辖区为例

An Empirical Study on the Social Integration of the Ethnic Minority Working and Business Groups in Xinjiang:a Case Study of a District in Yiwu City,Zhejiang Province

从经济、社交、文化和心理维度入手,对浙江省义乌市某辖区新疆少数民族务工经商群体的社会融入现状进行了调查研究。研究发现,新疆少数民族务工经商群体存在职业类别单一复制,内卷现象严重;社会保障程度低,均等化公共服务有待加强;强关系社会交往为主,社会资本匮乏;高归属低认同,文化、心理融入结构失衡等问题。研究建议,应从加快推进户籍制度改革,打破社会融入的制度壁垒;加强教育和技能培训,提升流动群体社会融入能力;统筹推进公共服务均等化,维护流动群体各项基本权益;构建城市社交网络,丰富流动群体的社会资本;重视文化心理层面融入,引导流动群体增强身份认同;基于已有社会融入经验,构建流动人口社会融入体系等六个方面来提升新疆少数民族务工经商群体的社会融入程度。

Based on the economic,social,cultural and psychological dimensions,this paper makes an investigation and study on the social integration of the minority working and business groups in Xinjiang,a district of Yiwu City,Zhejiang province.The study found that ethnic minorities in rat race have a single type of job,a serious phenomenon in Xinjiang,a low level of social security,equal access to public services,and strong social ties,lack of social capital,high ownership,low identity,cultural and psychological integration of structural imbalances and other issues.The study suggests that the reform of the household registration system should be accelerated to break down the institutional barriers to social integration;education and skills training should be strengthened to enhance the social integration ability of the floating groups;and the equalization of public services should be promoted in a coordinated manner,to safeguard the basic rights and interests of the floating groups;to construct urban social networks to enrich the social capital of the floating groups;to attach importance to the integration of cultural and psychological aspects,and to guide the floating groups to strengthen their identity;and based on the existing experience of social integration,the construction of the floating population social integration system in six aspects to enhance the social integration of ethnic minority workers and business groups in Xinjiang.