现代化理论视域下的“新哈萨克斯坦”发展战略:动因、特征与前景

The Developmet Strategy of"New Kazakhstan"from the Perspective of Modernization Theory:Motivation,Characteristics and Prospects

“新哈萨克斯坦”发展战略以“全面现代化”为目标、以系统性政治改革为先导和重点,并进一步推动经济和社会领域的改革,旨在解决本国现代化进程中的结构性难题。哈萨克斯坦的实践证明,即使是经济的指标、政治的架构以及外交的政策取向都无条件地接受西方的标准,也不能换来一个真正的现代化社会。真正的现代化首先是国家治理水平和能力的现代化,是能够自主选择发展模式的现代化,是植根于具体国情和文化传统的现代化。“新哈萨克斯坦”发展战略的合理之处在于把改革国家的管理体制、致力民生福祉放到了核心位置,但仅仅依靠权力结构的调整或者自上而下的行政命令,难以实现已经确定的宏大目标,必须要有持之以恒的精神和切实可行的规划。

The development strategy of"New Kazakhstan"aims at"comprehensive modernization",as well as prioritizes and focuses on systemic political reform,to further promote reforms in the economic and social fields and aim to solve structural problems in the country's modernization process.As Kazakhstan's past practice proved,even if the economic indicators,politcal structure and foreign policy orientation unconditionally accepted Western standards,there was no way to achieve a truly modernized society.Real modernization means,first and foremost,the modernization of a country's governance level and capacity,the modernization of a country's ability to independently choose its development model,and the modernization of a country rooted in its specific national conditions and cutural traditions.The rationality of the development strategy of"New Kazakhstan"lies in the core position of reforming the country's management system and focusing on the well-being of the people.However,it is difficult to achieve the ambitious goals that have been set only by power structure adjustment or top-down administration orders,as perseverance and feasible planning are required.