臀部脂肪移植的安全性

Advances in safety studies of gluteal fat grafting

臀部脂肪移植技术近年来逐渐流行,但随之而来的安全性问题不容忽视。由于存在重要血管,臀部脂肪移植更容易出现脂肪栓塞及脂肪栓塞综合征等并发症,严重的甚至导致死亡结局,引起了国内外学者的高度重视。在此背景下,学者们进行了一系列研究,从病例回顾、系统分析、问卷调查到大体解剖实验,逐渐总结出了一系列臀部脂肪移植的安全操作规范,包括:(1)高风险患者筛查;(2)坚持皮下注射,杜绝肌内注射;(3)使用直径大于4 mm的注射针;(4)保持注射针平行于臀大肌;(5)边退针边注射;(6)避免局部压力过大。该文通过文献回顾,对近年来臀部脂肪移植的安全性进行了分析、总结。

The gluteal fat grafting technique continues to grow in popularity,along with which the safety issue should not be ignored.It drew attentions of researchers that due to the existence of large vessels,fat embolism or fat embolism syndrome occurred more frequently for gluteal fat grafting,which might lead to death.In this situation,researchers performed a series of study including retrospective case series,systematic analysis,questionnaire survey and anatomical study,and summarized a series of safety principles for gluteal fat grafting,such as scanning high-risk patients;staying subcutaneously injection,avoiding intramuscular injection;using cannula size over 4 mm;keeping cannula parallel to gluteus maximus;injecting while withdrawing;and avoiding excessive local pressure.Based on the literature review,this article analyzes and summarizes the safety of gluteal fat grafting.